This also emphasizes the risk of generating uncontrolled chimeric viruses by using live attenuated vaccines in areas of endemicity. Our findings, which strongly suggest exchanges between strains from areas of endemicity in West and East Africa, strengthen the potential existence of a sylvatic cycle in the tropical rain forest.
GENODIVE FST WITHIN POPULATIONS DRIVERS
These genetic descriptors were estimated in Genodive v 3.0.456 and R. We combine kinship estimates with traditional F-statistics to explain contemporary drivers of population genetic differentiation despite high gene flow.We investigate range-wide population genetic structure of the California spiny (or red rock) lobster (Panulirus interruptus) and find slight, but significant global population differentiation in mtDNA ( ST 0.006, P 0.001 D estChao 0. This hypothesis, depicted by parallel phylogenies, was further confirmed by statistical tests. Genetic distances between populations, measured with the FST and Josts Dest tests. However, incongruences detected between the L, M, and S phylogenies suggested that genetic exchange via reassortment occurred between strains from different lineages. GenoDive was used to calculate pairwise FST and DestChao for all sampling location pairs, and FST was tested for significance using 100 000 permutations. The genetic diversity parameters within each population were evaluated by determining the expected heterozygosity (H E ) (Nei 1987), allelic richness (R S ) (El Mousadik and Petit, 1996), and.
genet.dist in hierfstat and with the Fst computed in Calculate Distances or GenoDive. Phylogenetic analysis showed the existence of three major lineages corresponding to geographic variants from West Africa, Egypt, and Central-East Africa. Understanding population structure in an evolutionary context. To assess the genetic variability of RVFV, several isolates from diverse localities of Africa were investigated by means of reverse transcription-PCR followed by direct sequencing of a region of the small (S), medium (M), and large (L) genomic segments. As a consequence of the growing suite of statistical genetics tools, which are often tailored to particular marker types, the analyses of population genetic data are becoming an increasingly complex task (Excoffier & Heckel 2006). Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), a phlebovirus of the Bunyaviridae family, is an arthropod-borne virus which emerges periodically throughout Africa, emphasizing that it poses a major threat for animal and human populations.
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